In case the AVR is defective,if the generator is running solo, the system voltage will collapse thus resulting in a blackout situation.
If it is running in parallel, then the reduction in flux continues which will further reduce the terminal voltage and with a total loss of excitation, the generation will run as an induction generator drawing its excitation from the running generator. Both the generators currents will rise rapidly with the serviceable one having a LAGGING POWER FACTOR and the other one having a LEADING POWER FACTOR. A LOSS OF EXCITATION trip or OVER CURRENT trip should trip the generator causing an overload on the serviceable generator.
Alternatively the serviceable generator will trip on Over current that will deprive the other generator of excitation and its breaker will trip on under voltage
If it is running in parallel, then the reduction in flux continues which will further reduce the terminal voltage and with a total loss of excitation, the generation will run as an induction generator drawing its excitation from the running generator. Both the generators currents will rise rapidly with the serviceable one having a LAGGING POWER FACTOR and the other one having a LEADING POWER FACTOR. A LOSS OF EXCITATION trip or OVER CURRENT trip should trip the generator causing an overload on the serviceable generator.
Alternatively the serviceable generator will trip on Over current that will deprive the other generator of excitation and its breaker will trip on under voltage
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