Many materials are used in shipbuilding, including fiber-reinforced composites (FRP), non-ferrous metals, plastics, and more. Yet almost 90% of materials consumed by maritime engineering are comprised of marine steels. Common steels for shipbuilding include carbon and mild steel grades that combine exceptional tensile strengths with good workability, but there are several critical parameters for materials to meet the standards of master shipbuilders.
Steel for shipbuilding must first be classified according to one or more of the relevant classification societies: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Lloyd’s Register, or Det Norske Veritas (DNV). These have established globally-accepted standards and rules that steel for shipbuilding must follow, from chemical composition to downstream plate thickness.
Key Properties of Steel for Shipbuilding
Plain carbon and mild steel are the most common grades of steel for shipbuilding, as they boast a raft of beneficial properties that make them uniquely suited for marine engineering. These include:
- High yield strengths and typical tensile strengths on a range of 490 – 620 MPa
- Easy joining and tight control of potential weld defects
- Superior metallurgical properties to overcome brittle fracture/fatigue
- Reasonable cost to ensure tangible ROIs
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